How to format your references using the Communist and Post-Communist Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Communist and Post-Communist Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Phillips, R., 2011. Jonathan Widom (1955-2011). Nature 476, 400.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nusbaum, M.P., Beenhakker, M.P., 2002. A small-systems approach to motor pattern generation. Nature 417, 343–350.

A journal article with 3 authors

Robison, B.H., Reisenbichler, K.R., Sherlock, R.E., 2005. Giant larvacean houses: rapid carbon transport to the deep sea floor. Science 308, 1609–1611.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Cheah, M.T., Wachter, A., Sudarsan, N., Breaker, R.R., 2007. Control of alternative RNA splicing and gene expression by eukaryotic riboswitches. Nature 447, 497–500.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Flood, J.M., 2014. Wiley Gaap 2015. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Solaro, R.J., Tardiff, J.C. (Eds.), 2013. Biophysics of the Failing Heart: Physics and Biology of Heart Muscle, Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Freudenburg, W.R., Gramling, R., Laska, S., Erikson, K.T., 2012. The Growth Machine Comes to New Orleans, in: Gramling, R., Laska, S., Erikson, K.T. (Eds.), Catastrophe in the Making: The Engineering of Katrina and the Disasters of Tomorrow. Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, Washington, DC, pp. 55–66.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Communist and Post-Communist Studies.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J., 2017. This New Planet Formation Theory Could Explain The Weird TRAPPIST-1 System [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/this-new-planet-formation-theory-could-explain-the-weird-trappist1-system/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1999. Transportation Infrastructure: FHWA Should Assess and Compare the Benefits of Projects When Awarding Discretionary Grants (No. RCED-99-263). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nguyen, C., 2014. Supportive services for immigrants: A grant proposal (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario, B., 2016. Songwriters Challenge a Ruling on Licensing. New York Times B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Phillips, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Nusbaum and Beenhakker, 2002; Phillips, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nusbaum and Beenhakker, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Cheah et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Communist and Post-Communist Studies
Abbreviation	Communist Post-Communist Stud.
ISSN (print)	0967-067X
Scope	Development Sociology and Political Science