How to format your references using the Computer-Aided Design citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Computer-Aided Design. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Chun J. Immunology. The sources of a lipid conundrum. Science 2007;316:208–10.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Singel DJ, Stamler JS. Blood traffic control. Nature 2004;430:297.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Noborisaka J, Nishiguchi K, Fujiwara A. Electric tuning of direct-indirect optical transitions in silicon. Sci Rep 2014;4:6950.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Nam K-H, Jamilpour N, Mfoumou E, Wang F-Y, Zhang DD, Wong PK. Probing mechanoregulation of neuronal differentiation by plasma lithography patterned elastomeric substrates. Sci Rep 2014;4:6965.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Smilansky S. 10 Moral Paradoxes. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd; 2007.

An edited book

[1]

Ulusoy Ö, Tansel AU, Arkun E, editors. Recommendation and Search in Social Networks. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Jung YH, Zhang H, Ma Z. Wireless Applications of Conformal Bioelectronics. In: Rogers JA, Ghaffari R, Kim D-H, editors. Stretchable Bioelectronics for Medical Devices and Systems, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 83–114.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Computer-Aided Design.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. Nine Dwarf Galaxies Discovered Orbiting Around the Milky Way. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/space/nine-possible-dwarf-galaxies-discovered-orbiting-around-milky-way/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Drug Control: Status of Plan to Use Federal Research and Development Facilities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Travis MJ. The relationship between a connections math class and math Criterion Referenced Competency Test scores. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Strauss B. Athletes Stand to Gain in a Settlement With the N.C.A.A. New York Times 2017:SP2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Computer-Aided Design
Abbreviation	Comput. Aided Des.
ISSN (print)	0010-4485
Scope	Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design Computer Science Applications Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering