How to format your references using the Computer Communications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Computer Communications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J. Collinge, Medicine. Prion strain mutation and selection, Science 328 (2010) 1111–1112.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

X. Wang, B. Huang, Computational study of in-plane phonon transport in Si thin films, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 6399.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M.C. Herne, J.P. Nair, S.W. Salisbury, Comment on “A southern tyrant reptile,” Science 329 (2010) 1013; author reply 1013.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

J.J. Hester, S.J. Desch, K.R. Healy, L.A. Leshin, Astronomy. The cradle of the solar system, Science 304 (2004) 1116–1117.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

M.R. Chernick, The Essentials of Biostatistics for Physicians, Nurses, and Clinicians, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2011.

An edited book

[1]

F. Gao, K. Shi, S. Li, eds., Computational Methods for Molecular Imaging, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

C. Tamás, L. Tibor, Horizontal Homogeneity and Vertical Heterogeneity of Building Up in Budapest, in: L. Tibor (Ed.), Settlement Morphology of Budapest, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016: pp. 67–71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Computer Communications.

Blog post

[1]

R. Andrews, This Single Drug Will Extend The Lives Of Millions Of Pet Dogs, IFLScience (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/single-drug-extend-lives-millions-pet-dogs/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Electronic Government: Potential Exists for Enhancing Collaboration on Four Initiatives, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2003.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

S.K. Shah, Data Transmission Using Image Steganography in Quick Response (QR) Code, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

G. Loomis, One “Lulu” Has Little New to Say, While Another Can Do No Wrong, New York Times (2012) 0.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Computer Communications
Abbreviation	Comput. Commun.
ISSN (print)	0140-3664
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications