How to format your references using the Constructive Approximation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Constructive Approximation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Benner, S.A.: Natural progression. Nature. 409, 459 (2001)

A journal article with 2 authors

Mascie-Taylor, C.G.N., Karim, E.: The burden of chronic disease. Science. 302, 1921–1922 (2003)

A journal article with 3 authors

Royo-Torres, R., Cobos, A., Alcalá, L.: A giant European dinosaur and a new sauropod clade. Science. 314, 1925–1927 (2006)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Dasgupta, S., Rajapakshe, K., Zhu, B., Nikolai, B.C., Yi, P., Putluri, N., Choi, J.M., Jung, S.Y., Coarfa, C., Westbrook, T.F., Zhang, X.H.-F., Foulds, C.E., Tsai, S.Y., Tsai, M.-J., O’Malley, B.W.: Metabolic enzyme PFKFB4 activates transcriptional coactivator SRC-3 to drive breast cancer. Nature. 556, 249–254 (2018)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Simonović, S.P.: Systems Approach to Management of Disasters. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2010)

An edited book

Kucera, D. ed: Qualitative Indicators of Labour Standards: Comparative Methods and Applications. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht (2007)

A chapter in an edited book

Xu, D., Hadzic, A.: Complications of Peripheral Nerve Blocks. In: Peng, P. (ed.) Regional Nerve Blocks in Anesthesia and Pain Therapy: Traditional and Ultrasound-Guided Techniques. pp. 67–78. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2015)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Constructive Approximation.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Chemistry Life Hacks, https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/chemistry-life-hacks-volume-3/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Telecommunications: Application of the Antideficiency Act and Other Fiscal Controls to FCC’s E-Rate Program. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2005)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Laffier, J.: A qualitative evaluation of the role of artistic expression in psychological empowerment of bullying victims, (2015)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard, B.: Qaeda-Linked Militants Are Finding Elbow Room Among Syria’s Displaced, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Constructive Approximation
Abbreviation	Constr. Approx.
ISSN (print)	0176-4276
ISSN (online)	1432-0940
Scope	General Mathematics Analysis Computational Mathematics