How to format your references using the Criminal Law and Philosophy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Criminal Law and Philosophy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Njau, J. (2012). Paleontology. Reading Pliocene bones. Science (New York, N.Y.), 336(6077), 46–47.

A journal article with 2 authors

Stein, E., & Tessier-Lavigne, M. (2001). Hierarchical organization of guidance receptors: silencing of netrin attraction by slit through a Robo/DCC receptor complex. Science (New York, N.Y.), 291(5510), 1928–1938.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kumar, G., Tang, H. X., & Schroers, J. (2009). Nanomoulding with amorphous metals. Nature, 457(7231), 868–872.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Brideau, N. J., Flores, H. A., Wang, J., Maheshwari, S., Wang, X., & Barbash, D. A. (2006). Two Dobzhansky-Muller genes interact to cause hybrid lethality in Drosophila. Science (New York, N.Y.), 314(5803), 1292–1295.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Runcie, T., & Dochtermann, M. (2013). Making Effective Business Decisions Using Microsoft Project. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Cho, B.-K., & Tominaga, T. (Eds.). (2010). Moyamoya Disease Update. Tokyo: Springer Japan.

A chapter in an edited book

Schnepf, A., Leitner, D., Klepsch, S., Pellerin, S., & Mollier, A. (2011). Modelling Phosphorus Dynamics in the Soil–Plant System. In E. Bünemann, A. Oberson, & E. Frossard (Eds.), Phosphorus in Action: Biological Processes in Soil Phosphorus Cycling (pp. 113–133). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Criminal Law and Philosophy.

Blog post

Taub, B. (2016, August 18). Gay Termites Kill Straight Males To Steal Their Wives. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/gay-termites-kill-straight-males-steal-wives/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1989). ADP Systems: EEOC’s Charge Data System Contains Errors But System Satisfies Users (No. IMTEC-90-5). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Friedlander, M. B. (2014). Limited Sight Distance (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, C. (2013, January 12). Over 50, and Under No Illusions. New York Times, p. BU1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Njau 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Njau 2012; Stein and Tessier-Lavigne 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Stein and Tessier-Lavigne 2001)
Three or more authors: (Brideau et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Criminal Law and Philosophy
ISSN (print)	1871-9791
ISSN (online)	1871-9805
Scope