How to format your references using the Culture and Brain citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Culture and Brain. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Greene, B. (2010). Q&A: Brian Greene on music and string theory. Nature, 465(7297), 426.

A journal article with 2 authors

Weaver, A. J., & Zwiers, F. W. (2000). Uncertainty in climate change. Nature, 407(6804), 571–572.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jordan, S. P., Lee, K. S. M., & Preskill, J. (2012). Quantum algorithms for quantum field theories. Science (New York, N.Y.), 336(6085), 1130–1133.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Kim, M., Bertram, M., Pollmann, M., von Oertzen, A., Mikhailov, A. S., Rotermund, H. H., & Ertl, G. (2001). Controlling chemical turbulence by global delayed feedback: pattern formation in catalytic CO oxidation on Pt(110). Science (New York, N.Y.), 292(5520), 1357–1360.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Smith, M. B. (2014). Compendium of Organic Synthetic Methods: Smith/Compendium. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Rodrìguez-Merchán, E. C. (Ed.). (2012). Articular Cartilage Defects of the Knee: Diagnosis and Treatment. Milano: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Flannery, J. A., & Smith, K. M. (2011). Bay Educational Center. In K. M. Smith (Ed.), Eco-Urban Design (pp. 34–41). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Culture and Brain.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, July 29). Rising Seas Could Drown Turtle Eggs: New Research. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/rising-seas-could-drown-turtle-eggs-new-research/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2015). Air Traffic Control: FAA Needs a More Comprehensive Approach to Address Cybersecurity As Agency Transitions to NextGen (No. GAO-15-370). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Moreau, E. L. (2014). Sailing on a Sea of Hope: Exploring the Impact of Federal Consolidation on Individual Identification and Organizational Identity (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G. (2011, July 11). At All-Star Game, Politics and Passion Are Also in Play. New York Times, p. D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Greene 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Greene 2010; Weaver and Zwiers 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Weaver and Zwiers 2000)
Three or more authors: (Kim et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Culture and Brain
Abbreviation	Cult. Brain
ISSN (print)	2193-8652
ISSN (online)	2193-8660
Scope