How to format your references using the Current Hepatology Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Current Hepatology Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Canfield D. Robert A. Berner (1935-2015). Nature. 2015;518:484.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. VandeBerg JL, Zola SM. A unique biomedical resource at risk. Nature. 2005;437:30–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Biek R, Drummond AJ, Poss M. A virus reveals population structure and recent demographic history of its carnivore host. Science. 2006;311:538–41.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Bringmann H, Skiniotis G, Spilker A, Kandels-Lewis S, Vernos I, Surrey T. A kinesin-like motor inhibits microtubule dynamic instability. Science. 2004;303:1519–22.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Zhang W, Shmulevich I, Astola J. Microarray Quality Control. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

1. Wu W, Yu H-S, editors. Modern Trends in Geomechanics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Sen S, Chakraborty R, De B. Prevalence of Diabetes and Its Economic Impact. In: Chakraborty R, De B, editors. Diabetes Mellitus in 21st Century. Singapore: Springer; 2016. p. 27–34.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Current Hepatology Reports.

Blog post

1. Carpineti A. ESA Beamed Almost 4,000 Messages To The North Star [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/space/esa-beamed-almost-4-000-messages-to-the-north-star/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. FASAB Volume 1 Original Statements: Statements of Federal Financial Accounting Concepts and Standards. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997 Mar. Report No.: AIMD-21.1.1.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Diaz Gonzalez AJ. High-Pressure Study of Bio-inspired Multi-Functional Nanocomposites Using Atomic Force Microscopy Methods [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Oestreich JR. Forget the Arias. Check Out That 3-D. New York Times. 2017 Sep 22;C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Current Hepatology Reports
Abbreviation	Curr. Hepatol. Rep.
ISSN (online)	2195-9595
Scope	Virology Hepatology