How to format your references using the Development in Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Development in Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Towe, Kenneth M. 2002. “The Problematic Rise of Archean Oxygen.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 295 (5559): 1419.

A journal article with 2 authors

Noor, Elad, and Ron Milo. 2012. “Evolution. Efficiency in Evolutionary Trade-Offs.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 336 (6085): 1114–1115.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen, Wenxue, Shulian Zhang, and Xingwu Long. 2013. “Polarisation Control through an Optical Feedback Technique and Its Application in Precise Measurements.” Scientific Reports 3 (2013): 1992.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Herrero, J. L., M. J. Roberts, L. S. Delicato, M. A. Gieselmann, P. Dayan, and A. Thiele. 2008. “Acetylcholine Contributes through Muscarinic Receptors to Attentional Modulation in V1.” Nature 454 (7208): 1110–1114.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Villalta, Thomas. 2012. The Large-Cap Portfolio. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Chemat, Farid, and Maryline Abert Vian, eds. 2014. Alternative Solvents for Natural Products Extraction. Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Anshakov, Oleg M., and Tamás Gergely. 2010. “Cognitive Reasoning Framework.” In Cognitive Reasoning: A Formal Approach, edited by Oleg M. Anshakov, 51–68. Cognitive Technologies. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Development in Practice.

Blog post

Andrew, Danielle. 2017. “The Science Of Finding Buried Bodies.” IFLScience, IFLScience, May 20. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/the-science-of-finding-buried-bodies/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1971. Weaknesses in School Districts’ Implementation of the Emergency School Assistance Program. B-164031(1). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gonzalez, Saida Noemi. 2010. “Analysis of the Impact of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act on California’s Children: A Report Card on the CalWORKs Program.” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg, Ben. 2017. “An Upstart Relishes, and Rues, a Showcase.” New York Times, January 18, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Towe 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Towe 2002; Noor and Milo 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Noor and Milo 2012)
Three authors: (Chen, Zhang, and Long 2013)
4 or more authors: (Herrero et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Development in Practice
Abbreviation	Dev. Pract.
ISSN (print)	0961-4524
ISSN (online)	1364-9213
Scope	Development Geography, Planning and Development