How to format your references using the Diabetology International citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Diabetology International. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Barnes WJP. Materials science. Biomimetic solutions to sticky problems. Science. 2007;318:203–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Thompson WG, Goldstein SL. Open-system coral ages reveal persistent suborbital sea-level cycles. Science. 2005;308:401–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Rauzi M, Lenne P-F, Lecuit T. Planar polarized actomyosin contractile flows control epithelial junction remodelling. Nature. 2010;468:1110–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Trivedi DK, Bhatt H, Pal RK, Tuteja R, Garg B, Johri AK, et al. Structure of RNA-interacting cyclophilin A-like protein from Piriformospora indica that provides salinity-stress tolerance in plants. Sci Rep. 2013;3:3001.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Deutsch R. Convergence. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2017.

An edited book

1. El Yacoubi S, Wąs J, Bandini S, editors. Cellular Automata: 12th International Conference on Cellular Automata for Research and Industry, ACRI 2016, Fez, Morocco, September 5-8, 2016. Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Sunderland N, Kendall E, Marshall CA, Barlow L. I’ll Paint you a Picture and You’ll Hear my Story: Broadening the Scope of Narrative Research for Arts-Based Service Learning. In: Bartleet B-L, Bennett D, Power A, Sunderland N, editors. Engaging First Peoples in Arts-Based Service Learning: Towards Respectful and Mutually Beneficial Educational Practices. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 71–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Diabetology International.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Dogs Incredibly Accurate When Sniffing Out Cancer [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/dogs-incredibly-accurate-when-sniffing-out-cancer/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. District of Columbia Public Education: Agencies Have Enhanced Internal Controls Over Federal Payments for School Improvement, But More Consistent Monitoring Needed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2010 Nov. Report No.: GAO-11-16.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Eskridge RD. Municipal government: Does institutional structural reform make a difference in local government? [Doctoral dissertation]. [Mississippi State, MS]: Mississippi State University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Barron J. Hell Gate Bridge, a Rail Span and a Fine Place to Hide From Zombies, Turns 100. New York Times. 2017 Mar 3;A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Diabetology International
Abbreviation	Diabetol. Int.
ISSN (print)	2190-1678
ISSN (online)	2190-1686
Scope	Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Internal Medicine