How to format your references using the Early Years citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Early Years. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wurthner, Frank. 2006. “Chemistry. Generating a Photocurrent on the Nanometer Scale.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 314 (5806): 1693–1694.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pulk, Arto, and Jamie H. D. Cate. 2013. “Control of Ribosomal Subunit Rotation by Elongation Factor G.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 340 (6140): 1235970.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kiesecker, J. M., A. R. Blaustein, and L. K. Belden. 2001. “Complex Causes of Amphibian Population Declines.” Nature 410 (6829): 681–684.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Jansen, Ronald, Haiyuan Yu, Dov Greenbaum, Yuval Kluger, Nevan J. Krogan, Sambath Chung, Andrew Emili, Michael Snyder, Jack F. Greenblatt, and Mark Gerstein. 2003. “A Bayesian Networks Approach for Predicting Protein-Protein Interactions from Genomic Data.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 302 (5644): 449–453.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kubicek, Christian P. 2012. Fungi and Lignocellulosic Biomass. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Cao, Bing-Yuan, ed. 2007. Fuzzy Information and Engineering: Proceedings of the Second International Conference of Fuzzy Information and Engineering (ICFIE). Vol. 40. Advances in Soft Computing. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Boulton, Andrew J. M., and Loretta Vileikyte. 2009. “Management of Neuropathic Pain.” In Managing Neuropathic Pain in the Diabetic Patient, edited by Loretta Vileikyte, 35–48. Tarporley: Springer Healthcare Ltd.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Early Years.

Blog post

Luntz, Stephen. 2015. “Australia To Cut Welfare Payments For Anti-Vaxxers.” IFLScience, IFLScience, April 13. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/australia-make-welfare-payments-dependent-vaccination/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2005. DOD Systems Modernization: Planned Investment in the Naval Tactical Command Support System Needs to Be Reassessed. GAO-06-215. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Noll, Richard T. 2009. “Physician Acceptance of Computerized Physician Order Entry in Outpatient Settings: A Quantitative Analysis of Family Medicine within Maricopa County, Arizona.” Doctoral dissertation, Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, Kelly. 2006. “So Greek, So Good.” New York Times, September 23, 2006.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wurthner 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Wurthner 2006; Pulk and Cate 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pulk and Cate 2013)
Three authors: (Kiesecker, Blaustein, and Belden 2001)
4 or more authors: (Jansen et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Early Years
Abbreviation	Early Years (Stoke-on-Trent)
ISSN (print)	0957-5146
ISSN (online)	1472-4421
Scope	Developmental and Educational Psychology Education