How to format your references using the Earth, Planets and Space citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Earth, Planets and Space. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bianco P (2013) Don’t market stem-cell products ahead of proof. Nature 499:255

A journal article with 2 authors

Morata G, Ballesteros-Arias L (2014) Developmental Biology. Death to the losers. Science 346:1181–1182

A journal article with 3 authors

Wilson AM, Watson JC, Lichtwark GA (2003) Biomechanics: A catapult action for rapid limb protraction. Nature 421:35–36

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Drdla R, Gassner M, Gingl E, Sandkühler J (2009) Induction of synaptic long-term potentiation after opioid withdrawal. Science 325:207–210

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rochange C, Uhrig S, Sainrat P (2013) Time-Predictable Architectures. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Ruairc GM (2013) Leadership for Inclusive Education: Values, Vision and Voices. SensePublishers, Rotterdam

A chapter in an edited book

Halaas Ø, Husebye H, Espevik1 T (2007) The Journey of Toll-like Receptors in the Cell. In: Lambris JD (ed) Current Topics in Innate Immunity. Springer, New York, NY, pp 35–48

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Earth, Planets and Space.

Blog post

Andrew E (2013) Scientists have created a blueprint for a prosthetic hand with a sense of touch. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/scientists-have-created-blueprint-prosthetic-hand-sense-touch/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1989) Air Traffic Control: Computer Capacity Shortfalls May Impair Flight Safety. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Steigner T (2008) A study of cross -border takeovers: Examining the impact of national culture on internalization benefits, and the implications of early versus late -mover status for bidders and their rivals. Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lee L (2007) Coziness, With Good Lines. New York Times F3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bianco 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Bianco 2013; Morata and Ballesteros-Arias 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Morata and Ballesteros-Arias 2014)
Three or more authors: (Drdla et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Earth, Planets and Space
Abbreviation	Earth Planets Space
ISSN (online)	1880-5981
Scope	Geology Space and Planetary Science