How to format your references using the Educational Media International citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Educational Media International. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Edelaar, P. (2013). Comment on “Evolutionary trade-offs, Pareto optimality, and the geometry of phenotype space.” Science (New York, N.Y.), 339(6121), 757.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vafai, S. B., & Mootha, V. K. (2013). Medicine. A common pathway for a rare disease? Science (New York, N.Y.), 342(6165), 1453–1454.

A journal article with 3 authors

Serganov, A., Huang, L., & Patel, D. J. (2008). Structural insights into amino acid binding and gene control by a lysine riboswitch. Nature, 455(7217), 1263–1267.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Sridhar, V. V., Kapoor, A., Zhang, K., Zhu, J., Zhou, T., Hasegawa, P. M., Bressan, R. A., & Zhu, J.-K. (2007). Control of DNA methylation and heterochromatic silencing by histone H2B deubiquitination. Nature, 447(7145), 735–738.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ghiani, G., Laporte, G., & Musmanno, R. (2013). Introduction to Logistics Systems Management. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Fratkin, E., & Roth, E. A. (Eds.). (2005). As Pastoralists Settle: Social, Health, and Economic Consequences of Pastoral Sedentarization in Marsabit District, Kenya (Vol. 1). Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Llewellyn, A., & Mendick, H. (2011). Does Every Child Count? Quality, Equity and Mathematics with/in Neoliberalism. In B. Atweh, M. Graven, W. Secada, & P. Valero (Eds.), Mapping Equity and Quality in Mathematics Education (pp. 49–62). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Educational Media International.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2016, November 16). Sea Sponges Show The Way To Cancer Treatment With Fewer Side-Effects. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/sea-sponges-show-the-way-to-cancer-treatment-with-fewer-sideeffects/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1987). DOD Voluntary Education: Determining and Meeting Postsecondary Education Needs in Europe (HRD-88-12). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Englebrecht, K. M. (2012). Healing the invisible wounds: A grant proposal for female veterans suffering from PTSD [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J. (2017, August 18). Severino and Sanchez Help Yankees Finish Emphatic Sweep of Mets. New York Times, B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Edelaar, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Edelaar, 2013; Vafai & Mootha, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Vafai & Mootha, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Sridhar et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Educational Media International
Abbreviation	EMI Educ. Media Int.
ISSN (print)	0952-3987
ISSN (online)	1469-5790
Scope