How to format your references using the Emerging Contaminants citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Emerging Contaminants. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

R.O. Prum, Moulting tail feathers in a juvenile oviraptorisaur, Nature 468 (2010) E1; discussion E2.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

H.K.M. Tanaka, H. Watanabe, ⁶Li-loaded directionally sensitive anti-neutrino detector for possible geo-neutrinographic imaging applications, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 4708.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

G. Di Toro, S. Nielsen, G. Pennacchioni, Earthquake rupture dynamics frozen in exhumed ancient faults, Nature 436 (2005) 1009–1012.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

T. Yoshida, L.E. Jones, S.P. Ellner, N.G. Hairston Jr, Ecology: mechanisms for consumer diversity, Nature 439 (2006) E1-2; discussion E2.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

R.E. Sheriff, Y.F. Hu, Mobile Satellite Communication Networks, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2001.

An edited book

[1]

B. Reusch, ed., Computational Intelligence, Theory and Applications: International Conference 8th Fuzzy Days in Dortmund, Germany, Sept. 29–Oct. 01, 2004 Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

B. Andrews, C. Hopper, Evolution of the Curvature, in: C. Hopper (Ed.), The Ricci Flow in Riemannian Geometry: A Complete Proof of the Differentiable 1/4-Pinching Sphere Theorem, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011: pp. 63–82.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Emerging Contaminants.

Blog post

[1]

K. Hamilton, Secrets Of What Ancient Mummies Look Like Under Their Wrappings Are Finally Being Revealed, IFLScience (2017).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Issues Related to FAA’s Effectiveness, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

A.L. Bennett, An Empirical Longitudinal Analysis of Agile Methodologies and Firm Financial Performance, Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, 2019.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Kenigsberg, Film Series, New York Times (2017) C22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Emerging Contaminants
Abbreviation	Emerg. Contam.
ISSN (print)	2405-6650
Scope