How to format your references using the Endangered Species Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Endangered Species Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Brugger P (2015) Animal behavior. Chicks with a number sense. Science 347:477–478.

A journal article with 2 authors

Scott GR, Gibert L (2009) The oldest hand-axes in Europe. Nature 461:82–85.

A journal article with 3 authors

den Boer SPA, Baer B, Boomsma JJ (2010) Seminal fluid mediates ejaculate competition in social insects. Science 327:1506–1509.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Schon JH, Kloc C, Bucher E, Batlogg B (2000) Efficient organic photovoltaic diodes based on doped pentacene. Nature 403:408–410.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wagner D, Balog E (2012) Advanced Technical Analysis of ETFs. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Youn Y-K (2014) Color Atlas of Thyroid Surgery: Open, Endoscopic and Robotic Procedures. Lee KE, Choi JY (eds) Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Tazreiter C, Weber L, Pickering S, Segrave M, McKernan H (2016) Samoan-Born New Zealanders as Trans-Tasman Denizens. In: Fluid Security in the Asia Pacific: Transnational Lives, Human Rights and State Control. Weber L, Pickering S, Segrave M, McKernan H (eds) Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, p 77–102

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Endangered Species Research.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) Ancient 3,800-Year-Old Underwater Garden Discovered In The Pacific Northwest. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/ancient-3800yearold-underwater-garden-discovered-in-the-pacific-northwest/ (accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1987) Trademark ADP System: Patent Office Should Analyze Alternatives Before Contract Award. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pulukkunat D (2008) Biochemical Studies on Archaeal Ribonuclease P Reveal Thematic Convergence in Protein-Facilitated RNA Catalysis. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Anderson J (2017) Pinning Award Hopes on a Powerful Song. New York Times:C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Brugger 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Scott & Gibert 2009, Brugger 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Scott & Gibert 2009)
Three or more authors: (Schon et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Endangered Species Research
Abbreviation	Endanger. Species Res.
ISSN (print)	1863-5407
ISSN (online)	1613-4796
Scope	Ecology Nature and Landscape Conservation