How to format your references using the Environmental Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Microbiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

O’Brien, J.L. (2007) Optical quantum computing. Science 318: 1567–1570.

A journal article with 2 authors

Courseaux, A. and Nahon, J.L. (2001) Birth of two chimeric genes in the Hominidae lineage. Science 291: 1293–1297.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jung, H., Green, H.W., II, and Dobrzhinetskaya, L.F. (2004) Intermediate-depth earthquake faulting by dehydration embrittlement with negative volume change. Nature 428: 545–549.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Ellis, D.A., Mabury, S.A., Martin, J.W., and Muir, D.C. (2001) Thermolysis of fluoropolymers as a potential source of halogenated organic acids in the environment. Nature 412: 321–324.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bartlett, K. (2016) The Experience of History, Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Carbone, A., Palleschi, G., Pastore, A.L., and Messas, A. eds. (2016) Functional Urologic Surgery in Neurogenic and Oncologic Diseases: Role of Advanced Minimally Invasive Surgery, Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Sandkuhl, K. (2016) On the Role of Enterprise Modelling in Engineering Cyber-Physical Systems. In Perspectives in Business Informatics Research: 15th International Conference, BIR 2016, Prague, Czech Republic, September 15–16, 2016, Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. Řepa, V. and Bruckner, T. (eds). Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 50–64.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Microbiology.

Blog post

Taub, B. (2016) “Princess Leia Brainwaves” Help Consolidate Memories While We Sleep. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2003) DOD Business Systems Modernization: Important Progress Made to Develop Business Enterprise Architecture, but Much Work Remains, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gao, H. (2006) Extracting Key Features for Analysis and Recognition in Computer Vision.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B. and Isherwood, C. (2016) Speaking Out and Listening Closely. New York Times AR11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (O’Brien, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Courseaux and Nahon, 2001; O’Brien, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Courseaux and Nahon, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Ellis et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Microbiology
Abbreviation	Environ. Microbiol.
ISSN (print)	1462-2912
ISSN (online)	1462-2920
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Microbiology