How to format your references using the Ethnobiology Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ethnobiology Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Launius, R. D. 2012. Neil Armstrong (1930-2012). Nature 489:368.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tsuji, K., and K. Tsutani. 2008. Follow the Leader. Nature 453:851–852.

A journal article with 3 authors

Moldoveanu, T., K. Gehring, and D. R. Green. 2008. Concerted Multi-Pronged Attack by Calpastatin to Occlude the Catalytic Cleft of Heterodimeric Calpains. Nature 456:404–408.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Hsu, K. F., S. Loo, F. Guo, W. Chen, J. S. Dyck, C. Uher, T. Hogan, E. K. Polychroniadis, and M. G. Kanatzidis. 2004. Cubic AgPb(m)SbTe(2+m): Bulk Thermoelectric Materials with High Figure of Merit. Science (New York, N.Y.) 303:818–821.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Li, F.-C., B. Yu, J.-J. Wei, and Y. Kawaguchi. 2011. Turbulent Drag Reduction by Surfactant Additives. John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd., Singapore.

An edited book

Kyosev, Y., ed. 2016. Recent Developments in Braiding and Narrow Weaving. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Polcawich, R. G., and J. S. Pulskamp. 2011. Additive Processes for Piezoelectric Materials: Piezoelectric MEMS. In MEMS Materials and Processes Handbook, edited by R. Ghodssi and P. Lin, pp. 273–353. Springer US, Boston, MA.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ethnobiology Letters.

Blog post

Hale, T. 2015. The Science Of Infidelity. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/there-science-behind-cheating/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1974. More Competition Needed in the Federal Procurement of Automatic Data Processing Equipment. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pierre, R. R. 2019. A Phenomenological Study of the Boomerang-Employment Experience of Scientists and Engineers. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Yablonsky, L. 2009. Exhibit A-List. New York Times:M226.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Launius 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Tsuji and Tsutani 2008; Launius 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tsuji and Tsutani 2008)
Three or more authors: (Hsu et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Ethnobiology Letters
ISSN (print)	2159-8126
Scope