How to format your references using the European Actuarial Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Actuarial Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hoffman JE (2010) Physics. Sign flips and spin fluctuations in iron high-Tc superconductors. Science 328:441–443

A journal article with 2 authors

Pascual A, Préat T (2001) Localization of long-term memory within the Drosophila mushroom body. Science 294:1115–1117

A journal article with 3 authors

Su Q-P, Yang C-P, Zheng S-B (2014) Fast and simple scheme for generating NOON states of photons in circuit QED. Sci Rep 4:3898

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Jiao Y, Wickett NJ, Ayyampalayam S, et al (2011) Ancestral polyploidy in seed plants and angiosperms. Nature 473:97–100

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Harris J (2013) The Utopian Globalists. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford

An edited book

Vesentini E (2011) Geometry of Homogeneous Bounded Domains. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Heendaliya L, Lin D, Hurson A (2012) Predictive Line Queries for Traffic Prediction. In: Hameurlain A, Küng J, Wagner R, et al (eds) Transactions on Large-Scale Data- and Knowledge-Centered Systems VI: Special Issue on Database- and Expert-Systems Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 106–133

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Actuarial Journal.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Hubble’s Ultraviolet Telescope Has Revealed More About The Stars Than We Could Ever See. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/hubble-s-ultraviolet-telescope-has-revealed-more-about-stars-we-could-ever-see/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2013) Higher Education: Experts Cited a Range of Requirements as Burdensome. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Jahan M (2015) A policy to protect hoarders: An analysis of Fair Housing Amendments Act, 1988. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L (2005) Abortion Case May Be Central In Confirmation. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Actuarial Journal
Abbreviation	Eur. Actuar. J.
ISSN (print)	2190-9733
ISSN (online)	2190-9741
Scope	Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Economics and Econometrics Statistics and Probability