How to format your references using the European Journal of Anaesthesiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Anaesthesiology (EJA). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Guest J. Ecology. How reefs respond to mass coral spawning. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2008; 320:621–623.

A journal article with 2 authors

Macnaghten P, Owen R. Environmental science: good governance for geoengineering. Nature 2011; 479:293.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gallop JL, Butler PJG, McMahon HT. Endophilin and CtBP/BARS are not acyl transferases in endocytosis or Golgi fission. Nature 2005; 438:675–678.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

van Gastel R, Somfai E, van Saarloos W, et al. A giant atomic slide-puzzle. Nature 2000; 408:665.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Thie PR, Keough GE. An Introduction to Linear Programming and Game Theory. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2008.

An edited book

Adami N, Cavallaro A, Leonardi R, et al. eds. Analysis, Retrieval and Delivery of Multimedia Content. New York, NY: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Harper R, Hamill L. Kids will be Kids: The Role of Mobiles in Teenage Life. In: Hamill L, Lasen A, Diaper D, editors Mobile World: Past, Present and Future. Computer Supported Cooperative Work. London: Springer; 2005, pp. 61–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Anaesthesiology.

Blog post

Taub B. “Game-Changing” Immunotherapy Drug Doubles Cancer Survival Rates.https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/game-changing-immunotherapy-drug-doubles-cancer-survival-rates/ (accessed Oct.30 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Telecommunications: Competition in the Mobile Communications Industry. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hufnagel D. Search for the Cabibbo-Supressed D+ Meson Decays D+ → π+π 0 and D+ → K+ π0. 2005.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Forman J Jr. Justice Springs Eternal. New York Times. March 25, 2017:SR1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Anaesthesiology
ISSN (print)	0265-0215
ISSN (online)	1365-2346
Scope