How to format your references using the European Journal of Forest Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Forest Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kiehl J (2011) Climate change. Lessons from Earth’s past. Science 331:158–159

A journal article with 2 authors

Bengtson S, Budd G (2004) Comment on “Small bilaterian fossils from 40 to 55 million years before the Cambrian.” Science 306:1291; author reply 1291

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhou Q, Tao HW, Poo M-M (2003) Reversal and stabilization of synaptic modifications in a developing visual system. Science 300:1953–1957

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Han T, Yuan T, Li B, Qiu C-W (2013) Homogeneous thermal cloak with constant conductivity and tunable heat localization. Sci Rep 3:1593

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Paolella MS (2006) Fundamental Probability. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Dolez B, Grofman B, Laurent A (eds) (2011) In Situ and Laboratory Experiments on Electoral Law Reform: French Presidential Elections. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Silvestry FE (2013) Echocardiographic Evaluation of Patients Before and After MitraClip Mitral Valve Repair. In: Feldman T, Franzen O, Low R, et al. (eds) Atlas of Percutaneous Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair. Springer, London, pp 63–93

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Forest Research.

Blog post

Hale T (2017) Doctors Find 150 Worms Living Inside A Woman’s Stomach. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/doctors-find-150-worms-living-inside-a-woman-s-stomach/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2014) Recovery Act: USDA Should Include Broadband Program’s Impact in Annual Performance Reports. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Randall SL (2010) Psychologists’ use of, familiarity, and comfort with Alcoholics Anonymous Slogans in psychotherapy. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

St. John Kelly E (1997) Yourself Esq. New York Times 143

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kiehl 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Bengtson and Budd 2004; Kiehl 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bengtson and Budd 2004)
Three or more authors: (Han et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Forest Research
Abbreviation	Eur. J. For. Res.
ISSN (print)	1612-4669
ISSN (online)	1612-4677
Scope	Forestry Plant Science