How to format your references using the European Journal of Mechanics / A Solids citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Mechanics / A Solids. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Spiegelhalter, D.J., 2014. Statistics. The future lies in uncertainty. Science 345, 264–265.

A journal article with 2 authors

Velian, A., Cummins, C.C., 2015. Inorganic chemistry. Synthesis and characterization of P₂N₃⁻: an aromatic ion composed of phosphorus and nitrogen. Science 348, 1001–1004.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wu, L.-A., Segal, D., Brumer, P., 2013. No-go theorem for ground state cooling given initial system-thermal bath factorization. Sci. Rep. 3, 1824.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Chambers, J.Q., Higuchi, N., Tribuzy, E.S., Trumbore, S.E., 2001. Carbon sink for a century. Nature 410, 429.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stone, C.A., Zissu, A., 2012. The Securitization Markets Handbook. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Chen, C., Larsen, R. (Eds.), 2014. Library and Information Sciences: Trends and Research. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Nolan, S.J., Rees, S., Rushall, C., 2016. Breaking Barriers: Overcoming Anxieties in Practical Science, in: Marshall, C.A., Nolan, S.J., Newton, D.P. (Eds.), Widening Participation, Higher Education and Non-Traditional Students: Supporting Transitions through Foundation Programmes. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, pp. 73–88.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Mechanics / A Solids.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. What Are The Issues Around The Use Of Human Foetal Tissue? [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1989. Air Traffic Control: FAA’s Interim Actions to Reduce Near Mid-Air Collisions (No. RCED-89-149). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chan, A.B., 2008. Beyond dynamic textures: A family of stochastic dynamical models for video with applications to computer vision (Doctoral dissertation). University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L., 2006. Jets Overhead, Noise Complaints Below. New York Times LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Spiegelhalter, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Spiegelhalter, 2014; Velian and Cummins, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Velian and Cummins, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Chambers et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Mechanics / A Solids
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Mech. A Solids
ISSN (print)	0997-7538
Scope	Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials General Materials Science General Physics and Astronomy