How to format your references using the European Journal of Medical Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Medical Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Smaglik P. Small world, big opportunities. Nature. 2002;418:4–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Brennan PA, Zufall F. Pheromonal communication in vertebrates. Nature. 2006;444:308–15.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Sogo JM, Lopes M, Foiani M. Fork reversal and ssDNA accumulation at stalled replication forks owing to checkpoint defects. Science. 2002;297:599–602.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Hong B, Gasse F, Uchida M, Hong Y, Leng X, Shibata Y, et al. Increasing summer rainfall in arid eastern-Central Asia over the past 8500 years. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5279.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Nasr VG, DiNardo JA. The Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesia Handbook. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2017.

An edited book

1. Blanchette JC, Kosmatov N, editors. Tests and Proofs: 9th International Conference, TAP 2015, Held as Part of STAF 2015, L’Aquila, Italy, July 22-24, 2015. Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Ruet J. Indian Firms in World Production: The State, Markets, and Innovation. In: Richet X, Delteil V, Dieuaide P, editors. Strategies of Multinational Corporations and Social Regulations: European and Asian Perspectives. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014. p. 77–91.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Medical Research.

Blog post

1. Andrew D. Here’s How An Artist With Synesthesia “Sees” Famous Songs [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/artist-rare-neurological-condition-sees-music/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Federal Aviation Administration: Cost Allocation Practices and Cost Recovery Proposal Compared with Selected International Practices. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007 Jun. Report No.: GAO-07-773R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Okafor-Dike LC. The effect of leadership on economic development: A case study of Nigeria [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Oppel RA Jr, Pérez-Peña R. Chicago Releases Videos of Police Shootings. New York Times. 2016 Jun 4;A9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Medical Research
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Med. Res.
ISSN (online)	2047-783X
Scope	General Medicine