How to format your references using the Evolution: Education and Outreach citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Evolution: Education and Outreach. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Erdik M. Geophysics. Earthquake risk in Turkey. Science. 2013 Aug 16;341(6147):724–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Poole A, Penny D. Eukaryote evolution: engulfed by speculation. Nature. 2007 Jun 21;447(7147):913.

A journal article with 3 authors

Iwata M, Hiyama A, Otaki JM. System-dependent regulations of colour-pattern development: a mutagenesis study of the pale grass blue butterfly. Sci. Rep. 2013;3:2379.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Raghavan S, Manzanillo P, Chan K, Dovey C, Cox JS. Secreted transcription factor controls Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence. Nature. 2008 Aug 7;454(7205):717–21.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Miller RE. Optimization. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1999.

An edited book

Zavoral F, Jung JJ, Badica C, editors. Intelligent Distributed Computing VII: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Intelligent Distributed Computing - IDC 2013, Prague, Czech Republic, September 2013. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Gourlay L, Oliver M. It’s Not All About the Learner: Reframing Students’ Digital Literacy as Sociomaterial Practice. In: Ryberg T, Sinclair C, Bayne S, de Laat M, editors. Research, Boundaries, and Policy in Networked Learning. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 77–92.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Evolution: Education and Outreach.

Blog post

Andrew D. Five Amazing Ultrasound Inventions Set To Change The World (And Not A Pregnancy Scan In Sight) [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/five-amazing-ultrasound-inventions-set-to-change-the-world-and-not-a-pregnancy-scan-in-sight/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Propriety of Additional Reimbursement for Shipment of Household Effects. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1973 Jun. Report No.: B-178505.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Henning JN. Top ten effective community college board trustees self-perceived leadership attributes [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K. When Grease Is the Way You Are Feeling. New York Times. 2007 May 20;NJ6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Erdik 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Erdik 2013; Poole and Penny 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Poole and Penny 2007)
Three or more authors: (Raghavan et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Evolution: Education and Outreach
Abbreviation	Evolution (N. Y.)
ISSN (print)	1936-6426
ISSN (online)	1936-6434
Scope