How to format your references using the Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Burnett DS: NASA returns rocks from a comet. Science 314: 1709–1710, 2006.

A journal article with 2 authors

Denef VJ and Banfield JF: In situ evolutionary rate measurements show ecological success of recently emerged bacterial hybrids. Science 336: 462–466, 2012.

A journal article with 3 authors

Fu AC, Raizen SA and Shavelson RJ: Education. The nation’s report card: a vision of large-scale science assessment. Science 326: 1637–1638, 2009.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Sun P, Zheng F, Wang K, Zhong M, Wu D and Zhu H: Electro- and magneto-modulated ion transport through graphene oxide membranes. Sci Rep 4: 6798, 2014.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lin XS: Introductory Stochastic Analysis for Finance and Insurance: Lin/Introductory. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2006.

An edited book

Bartroff J: Sequential Experimentation in Clinical Trials: Design and Analysis. (Lai TL and Shih M-C (eds.)). Springer, New York, NY, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Ćirković Veličković T and Gavrović-Jankulović M: Methods for Allergen Identification and Quantification in Food Matrices. In: Food Allergens: Biochemistry and Molecular Nutrition. Gavrović-Jankulović M (ed.) Springer, New York, NY, pp77–93, 2014.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.

Blog post

Fang J: Sea Stars Who Clone Themselves Live Longer, Healthier Lives. IFLScience, 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Direct Student Loan Savings. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lakin BK: Reading First program effects on students with disabilities., 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cooper M: Philip Gossett, Scholar, 75; Revived Lost Opera Scores. New York Times: B14, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Abbreviation	Exp. Ther. Med.
ISSN (print)	1792-0981
ISSN (online)	1792-1015
Scope	Cancer Research Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous) General Medicine