How to format your references using the Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Sekercioglu CH. Ecology. Functional extinctions of bird pollinators cause plant declines. Science. 2011;331(6020):1019–1020.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Skinner G, Gorenstein P. Astronomy (communication arising): black holes, fleas and microlithography. Nature. 2003;426(6964):245–246.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Jamtveit B, Austrheim H, Malthe-Sørenssen A. Accelerated hydration of the Earth’s deep crust induced by stress perturbations. Nature. 2000;408(6808):75–78.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Mandal S, El-Amin A, Alexander K, et al. Novel synaptic memory device for neuromorphic computing. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5333.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Wubbolding RE. Reality Therapy and Self-Evaluation. Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association; 2017.

An edited book

[1]

Horowitz A, editor. Domestic Dog Cognition and Behavior: The Scientific Study of Canis familiaris. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Aggarwal CC. Trio A System for Data Uncertainty and Lineage. In: Aggarwal CC, editor. Managing and Mining Uncertain Data. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2009. p. 1–35.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Solar Dynamics Observatory Releases Highlights From Year Four [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/solar-dynamics-observatory-releases-highlights-year-four/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Transportation-Disadvantaged Populations: Some Coordination Efforts Among Programs Providing Transportation Services, but Obstacles Persist. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003. Report No.: GAO-03-697. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Santos E. Altruism in Psychotherapy: Altruistic Acts as an Adjunct to Psychotherapy [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2019.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kercher S. Modern Help for the Brokenhearted? It’s Online. New York Times. 2017 Feb 1;D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology
Abbreviation	Expert Rev. Clin. Pharmacol.
ISSN (print)	1751-2433
ISSN (online)	1751-2441
Scope	General Medicine Pharmacology (medical) General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics