How to format your references using the Fossil Record citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Fossil Record. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rees, M. J.: Piecing together the biggest puzzle of all, Science, 290, 1919–1925, 2000.

A journal article with 2 authors

Coudreuse, D. and Nurse, P.: Driving the cell cycle with a minimal CDK control network, Nature, 468, 1074–1079, 2010.

A journal article with 3 authors

Roy, K., Hunt, G., and Jablonski, D.: Phylogenetic conservatism of extinctions in marine bivalves, Science, 325, 733–737, 2009.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Kraft, M. L., Weber, P. K., Longo, M. L., Hutcheon, I. D., and Boxer, S. G.: Phase separation of lipid membranes analyzed with high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry, Science, 313, 1948–1951, 2006.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Evans, A. W.: Economics, Real Estate and the Supply of Land, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford, UK, 2008.

An edited book

Stalke, D. (Ed.): Electron Density and Chemical Bonding I: Experimental Charge Density Studies, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, XII, 212 p p., 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Anand, R., Das, S., and Khera, P.: Monetary Policy Transmission in the Presence of Product and Labor Market Frictions: The Case of India, in: Monetary Policy in India: A Modern Macroeconomic Perspective, edited by: Ghate, C. and Kletzer, K. M., Springer India, New Delhi, 151–169, 2016.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Fossil Record.

Blog post

Luntz, S.: Deep Sea Explorers Spot Bizarre Fish That Doesn’t Look Real, 2014., 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Coast Guard Programs: Relationship between Resources Used and Results Achieved Needs to Be Clearer, GAO-04-432, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shakya, S.: Characterization of Interaction of Calmodulin and its Chimeras with Orai1, Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gorman, J.: A Flightless Bird Grounded by DNA, , New York Times1st JuneD3, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rees, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Coudreuse and Nurse, 2010; Rees, 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Coudreuse and Nurse, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Kraft et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Fossil Record
ISSN (print)	2193-0066
ISSN (online)	2193-0074
Scope