How to format your references using the Frontiers in Aquatic Physiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Aquatic Physiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Keller, M. (2013). Physics. Interfacing atoms and light--the smaller the stronger. Science 340, 1175–1176.

A journal article with 2 authors

Best, R. B., and Hummer, G. (2005). Comment on “Force-clamp spectroscopy monitors the folding trajectory of a single protein.” Science 308, 498; author reply 498.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hoeppner, D. J., Hengartner, M. O., and Schnabel, R. (2001). Engulfment genes cooperate with ced-3 to promote cell death in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 412, 202–206.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Roberts, J. M., Osthoff, H. D., Brown, S. S., and Ravishankara, A. R. (2008). N2O5 oxidizes chloride to Cl2 in acidic atmospheric aerosol. Science 321, 1059.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Perez, A. (2013). Voice Over LTE. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Baltan, S., Carmichael, S. T., Matute, C., Xi, G., and Zhang, J. H. eds. (2014). White Matter Injury in Stroke and CNS Disease. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Reiner, M. (2008). “Seeing Through Touch: The Role of Haptic Information in Visualization,” in Visualization: Theory and Practice in Science Education, eds. J. K. Gilbert, M. Reiner, and M. Nakhleh (Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands), 73–84.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Aquatic Physiology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015). Five Years Of The Tories Creates Uncertainty For British Science. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1986). Computer Buys: Air Force Logistics Modernization Program Should Comply With Brooks Act. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ramberg, K. S. (2010). L’envers et l’endroit: The other side of the cloth. Carpinteria, CA: Pacifica Graduate Institute.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G. (2010). The Phillies Are Now The Hunted. New York Times, B14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Keller, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Best and Hummer, 2005; Keller, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Best and Hummer, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Roberts et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Aquatic Physiology
Abbreviation	Front. Physiol.
ISSN (online)	1664-042X
Scope	Physiology Physiology (medical)