How to format your references using the Frontiers in Built Environment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Built Environment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Linden, H. (2002). Circadian rhythms. A white collar protein senses blue light. Science 297, 777–778.

A journal article with 2 authors

Minamino, T., and Namba, K. (2008). Distinct roles of the FliI ATPase and proton motive force in bacterial flagellar protein export. Nature 451, 485–488.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nisbet, E. G., Dlugokencky, E. J., and Bousquet, P. (2014). Atmospheric science. Methane on the rise--again. Science 343, 493–495.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Cheng, C., Amini, A., Zhu, C., Xu, Z., Song, H., and Wang, N. (2014). Enhanced photocatalytic performance of TiO2-ZnO hybrid nanostructures. Sci. Rep. 4, 4181.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tagliamonte, S. A. (2015). Making Waves. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Fischer-Hübner, S., Leeuw, E. de, and Mitchell, C. eds. (2013). Policies and Research in Identity Management: Third IFIP WG 11.6 Working Conference, IDMAN 2013, London, UK, April 8-9, 2013. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Fini, P. T., and Haskell, B. A. (2010). “Nonpolar and Semipolar GaN Growth by HVPE,” in Technology of Gallium Nitride Crystal Growth, eds. D. Ehrentraut, E. Meissner, and M. Bockowski (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), 97–117.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Built Environment.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016). Watch NASA Successfully Inflate Their Expandable Space Module. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/watch-nasa-successfully-inflate-their-expandable-space-module/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1978). Reimbursement of Depreciation and Interest Costs for Construction of Satellite Hospital. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Encarnacion, M. (2014). Does the use of clickers while incorporating small groups discussion increase student learning in the chemistry classroom. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lovett, I., Healy, J., Schmidt, M. S., and Turkewitz, J. (2015). Friend Talked of Sleeper Cells Before Rampage. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Linden, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Linden, 2002; Minamino and Namba, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Minamino and Namba, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Cheng et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Built Environment
Abbreviation	Front. Built Environ.
ISSN (online)	2297-3362
Scope