How to format your references using the Frontiers in Head and Neck Cancer citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Head and Neck Cancer. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blanke, S. R. (2009). Cell biology. Expanding functionality within the looking-glass universe. Science 325, 1505–1506.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cheng, J.-X., and Xie, X. S. (2015). Vibrational spectroscopic imaging of living systems: An emerging platform for biology and medicine. Science 350, aaa8870.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sousa, T., Marques, G. M., and Domingos, T. (2009). Comment on “Energy uptake and allocation during ontogeny.” Science 325, 1206; author reply 1206.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Sezen, H., Buchholz, M., Nefedov, A., Natzeck, C., Heissler, S., Di Valentin, C., et al. (2014). Probing electrons in TiO2 polaronic trap states by IR-absorption: evidence for the existence of hydrogenic states. Sci. Rep. 4, 3808.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Veasey, D. A., McCormick, L. C., Hilyer, B. M., Oldfield, K. W., Hansen, S., and Krayer, T. H. (2005). Confined Space Entry and Emergency Response. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Pawlik, T. M., Maithel, S. K., and Merchant, N. B. eds. (2015). Gastrointestinal Surgery: Management of Complex Perioperative Complications. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Kras, J. F. (2015). “Perioperative Considerations of Do Not Resuscitate and Do Not Intubate Orders in Adult Patients,” in Ethical Issues in Anesthesiology and Surgery, ed. B. G. Jericho (Cham: Springer International Publishing), 45–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Head and Neck Cancer.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014). What The Heck Is This Creature? IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/what-heck-creature/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2002). NASA Contract Payments. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fulton, E. (2010). Differential effects of nicotine on prospective memory, sustained attention, and working memory. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pareles, J., Ratliff, B., Caramanica, J., Chinen, N., Holden, S., Coscarelli, J., et al. (2016). New Chapters From Our Pop Dreams. New York Times, AR109.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Blanke, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Blanke, 2009; Cheng and Xie, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cheng and Xie, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Sezen et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Head and Neck Cancer
Abbreviation	Front. Oncol.
ISSN (online)	2234-943X
Scope	Cancer Research Oncology