How to format your references using the Frontiers in Microbiotechnology, Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Microbiotechnology, Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blau, H. M. (2002). A twist of fate. Nature 419, 437.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jaramillo, F., and Destouni, G. (2015). SUSTAINABILITY. Comment on “Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet.” Science 348, 1217.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lebedev, S., Chevrot, S., and van der Hilst, R. D. (2002). Seismic evidence for olivine phase changes at the 410- and 660-kilometer discontinuities. Science 296, 1300–1302.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Dawson, M. A., Prinjha, R. K., Dittmann, A., Giotopoulos, G., Bantscheff, M., Chan, W.-I., et al. (2011). Inhibition of BET recruitment to chromatin as an effective treatment for MLL-fusion leukaemia. Nature 478, 529–533.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wolbarst, A. B., Capasso, P., and Wyant, A. R. (2013). Medical Imaging. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Chetouani, M., Hussain, A., Gas, B., Milgram, M., and Zarader, J.-L. eds. (2007). Advances in Nonlinear Speech Processing: International Conference on Non-Linear Speech Processing, NOLISP 2007 Paris, France, May 22-25, 2007 Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Sheng, Y., Welling, W. S., and Zhu, M. M. (2015). “GPU-Accelerated Computing with Gibbs Sampler for the 2PNO IRT Model,” in Quantitative Psychology Research: The 79th Annual Meeting of the Psychometric Society, Madison, Wisconsin, 2014, eds. L. A. van der Ark, D. M. Bolt, W.-C. Wang, J. A. Douglas, and S.-M. Chow (Cham: Springer International Publishing), 59–73.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Microbiotechnology, Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015). Are Scientific Publishers Getting Too Powerful? IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/freedom-information-are-publishers-getting-too-powerful/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2001). Telecommunications: Characteristics and Competitiveness of the Internet Backbone Market. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stuart, K. (2013). The Relationship Between Weather and Lunar Changes on Student Achievement and Measures School Districts Utilize to Combat Potential Impact. St. Charles, MO: Lindenwood University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Neuman, W. (2014). Colombian Rebels Call Unilateral Truce. New York Times, A24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Blau, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Blau, 2002; Jaramillo and Destouni, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jaramillo and Destouni, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Dawson et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Microbiotechnology, Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation
Abbreviation	Front. Microbiol.
ISSN (online)	1664-302X
Scope	Microbiology Microbiology (medical)