How to format your references using the Frontiers in Primary Immunodeficiencies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Primary Immunodeficiencies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Yablonovitch, E. (2000). APPLIED PHYSICS: How to Be Truly Photonic. Science 289, 557–559.

A journal article with 2 authors

Okamoto, S., and Millis, A. J. (2004). Electronic reconstruction at an interface between a Mott insulator and a band insulator. Nature 428, 630–633.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sakuda, A., Hayashi, A., and Tatsumisago, M. (2013). Sulfide solid electrolyte with favorable mechanical property for all-solid-state lithium battery. Sci. Rep. 3, 2261.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Yin, Y., Cheng, Z., Wang, L., Jin, K., and Wang, W. (2014). Graphene, a material for high temperature devices--intrinsic carrier density, carrier drift velocity, and lattice energy. Sci. Rep. 4, 5758.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Taber, D. F. (2008). Organic Synthesis: State of the 2005-2007. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Benatallah, B., Bestavros, A., Manolopoulos, Y., Vakali, A., and Zhang, Y. eds. (2014). Web Information Systems Engineering – WISE 2014: 15th International Conference, Thessaloniki, Greece, October 12-14, 2014, Proceedings, Part II. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Sakorafas, G. H., Smyrniotis, V., and Sarr, M. G. (2015). “Clinical Features and Laboratory Investigation,” in Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms: From Imaging to Differential Diagnosis and Management, eds. G. H. Sakorafas, V. Smyrniotis, and M. G. Sarr (Milano: Springer), 25–36.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Primary Immunodeficiencies.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. (2016). How Did Supermassive Black Holes Form So Quickly In The Universe? IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/we-might-have-found-seed-supermassive-black-holes/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1986). Management Improvement in the Federal Government. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Anderson, E. (2017). Predicting Home Purchase Location in DC: An Intersectional Approach. Washington, DC: George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L. (2007). A Devil in the Details, But Not the Constitution. New York Times, A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Yablonovitch, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Yablonovitch, 2000; Okamoto and Millis, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Okamoto and Millis, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Yin et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Primary Immunodeficiencies
Abbreviation	Front. Immunol.
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
Scope