How to format your references using the Genes and Environment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Genes and Environment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Dance I. A molecular pathway for the egress of ammonia produced by nitrogenase. Sci Rep. 2013;3:3237.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Binder P-M, Pipes RM. Applied mathematics: how chaos forgets and remembers. Nature. 2014;510:343–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Daeschler EB, Shubin NH, Jenkins FA Jr. A Devonian tetrapod-like fish and the evolution of the tetrapod body plan. Nature. 2006;440:757–63.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Williams PA, Cosme J, Ward A, Angove HC, Matak Vinković D, Jhoti H. Crystal structure of human cytochrome P450 2C9 with bound warfarin. Nature. 2003;424:464–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Vitetta GM, Taylor DP, Colavolpe G, Pancaldi F, Martin PA. Wireless Communications. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2013.

An edited book

1. Barboiu M, editor. Constitutional Dynamic Chemistry. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Zhang W, Tan CH. A Secure Variant of Yasuda, Takagi and Sakurai’s Signature Scheme. In: Lin D, Wang X, Yung M, editors. Information Security and Cryptology: 11th International Conference, Inscrypt 2015, Beijing, China, November 1-3, 2015, Revised Selected Papers. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 75–89.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Genes and Environment.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. The Science Of Doping And How Cheating Athletes Pass Drug Tests [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/science-doping-and-how-cheating-athletes-pass-drug-tests/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. School Finance: Options for Improving Measures of Effort and Equity in Title I. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996 Aug. Report No.: HEHS-96-142.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Miller A. Group Mentoring Program to Empower Transitional-Aged Youth: A Grant Proposal [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kelly J. COSMETIC LIB FOR MEN. New York Times. 1977 Sep 25;The New York Times Magazine234.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Genes and Environment
Abbreviation	Genes Environ.
ISSN (online)	1880-7062
Scope	Genetics Environmental Science (miscellaneous) Social Psychology