How to format your references using the Genes citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Genes. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Orr, F.M., Jr Onshore Geologic Storage of CO2. Science 2009, 325, 1656–1658.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hickman, A.J.; Sanford, M.S. High-Valent Organometallic Copper and Palladium in Catalysis. Nature 2012, 484, 177–185.

A journal article with 3 authors

Prytkova, T.R.; Kurnikov, I.V.; Beratan, D.N. Coupling Coherence Distinguishes Structure Sensitivity in Protein Electron Transfer. Science 2007, 315, 622–625.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Eshaghi, S.; Niegowski, D.; Kohl, A.; Martinez Molina, D.; Lesley, S.A.; Nordlund, P. Crystal Structure of a Divalent Metal Ion Transporter CorA at 2.9 Angstrom Resolution. Science 2006, 313, 354–357.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Scheller-Sheridan, C. Basic Guide to Dental Instruments; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.: West Sussex, UK, 2011; ISBN 9781118713563.

An edited book

Semrud-Clikeman, M. Child Neuropsychology: Assessment and Interventions for Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Ellison, P.A.T., Ed.; 2nd ed.; Springer US: Boston, MA, 2009; ISBN 9780387889627.

A chapter in an edited book

de Azevedo, L.H.; Emberson, R.M.; Esteca, F. de C.N.; de Moraes, G.J. Macrochelid Mites (Mesostigmata: Macrochelidae) as Biological Control Agents. In Prospects for Biological Control of Plant Feeding Mites and Other Harmful Organisms; Carrillo, D., de Moraes, G.J., Peña, J.E., Eds.; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2015; pp. 103–132 ISBN 9783319150413.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Genes.

Blog post

Andrew, E. Parts Of Southern Africa Are Within Tantalising Reach Of Eliminating Malaria (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office National Airspace System: Assessment of FAA’s Efforts to Augment the Global Positioning System; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1995;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bozorgchami, B. Time and Bandwidth Efficiency in Transmission of Telemedicine and In-Hospital Patient Data. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kercher, S. Mothers Becoming Fast Friends, With a Swipe. New York Times 2017, D10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Genes
Abbreviation	Genes (Basel)
ISSN (online)	2073-4425
Scope	Genetics Genetics(clinical)