How to format your references using the Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stewart, M. (2003). Structural biology. Nuclear trafficking. Science (New York, N.Y.), 302(5650), 1513–1514.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cepko, C., & Punzo, C. (2015). Cell metabolism: Sugar for sight. Nature, 522(7557), 428–429.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang, Z., Li, H., & Sheng, Y. (2014). Effects of reciprocity on random walks in weighted networks. Scientific Reports, 4, 7460.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Mair, A., Vaziri, A., Weihs, G., & Zeilinger, A. (2001). Entanglement of the orbital angular momentum states of photons. Nature, 412(6844), 313–316.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pandey, J. N. (1995). The Hilbert Transform of Schwartz Distributions and Applications. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Baldassarre, G., & Mirolli, M. (Eds.). (2013). Computational and Robotic Models of the Hierarchical Organization of Behavior. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Sugiura, M., & Ohiwa, H. (2007). A Supporting System of Informatics Education for University Freshmen. In A. Tatnall, T. Okamoto, & A. Visscher (Eds.), Knowledge Management for Educational Innovation: IFIP WG 3.7 7th Conference on Information Technology in Educational Management (ITEM), Hamamatsu, Japan, July 23–26, 2006 (pp. 27–32). Boston, MA: Springer US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2015, July 15). Unpredictable Temperature Swings Boost Death Rates in the U.S. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/unpredictable-temperature-swings-boost-death-rates-us/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1998). FAA Computer Systems: Limited Progress on Year 2000 Issue Increases Risk Dramatically (No. AIMD-98-45). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Crosby, A. E. (2012). A phenomenological heuristic study of psychosocial factors that contribute to African American females’ HIV seroconversion (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard, M. (2014, April 13). Sunsets and Pink Dolphins Along the Amazon. New York Times, p. TR12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stewart, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Cepko & Punzo, 2015; Stewart, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cepko & Punzo, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Mair et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
Abbreviation	Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
ISSN (online)	1525-2027
Scope	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics