How to format your references using the Geological Society, London, Special Publications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geological Society, London, Special Publications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fields, S. 2007. Molecular biology. Site-seeing by sequencing. Science (New York, N.Y.), 316, 1441–1442.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sharp, P.A. and Langer, R. 2011. Research agenda. Promoting convergence in biomedical science. Science (New York, N.Y.), 333, 527.

A journal article with 3 authors

Penner, J.E., Dong, X. and Chen, Y. 2004. Observational evidence of a change in radiative forcing due to the indirect aerosol effect. Nature, 427, 231–234.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Bernardi, R., Guernah, I., et al. 2006. PML inhibits HIF-1alpha translation and neoangiogenesis through repression of mTOR. Nature, 442, 779–785.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Seeber, P. and Shander, A. 2012. Basics of Blood Management.

An edited book

Mantoiu, M., Raikov, G. and Tiedra de Aldecoa, R. (eds). 2016. Spectral Theory and Mathematical Physics. Operator Theory: Advances and Applications.

A chapter in an edited book

Velupillai, H. and Mokhonoana, P. 2008. Evaluation of Registry Data Removal by Shredder Programs. In: Ray, I. and Shenoi, S. (eds) Advances in Digital Forensics IV. IFIP — The International Federation for Information Processing, 51–58.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geological Society, London, Special Publications.

Blog post

Hale, T. 2016. Castro’s Cuban Crocodiles At Risk Of Interbreeding. IFLSciencehttps://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/castros-cuban-crocodiles-at-risk-of-interbreeding/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2014. Healthcare.Gov: Actions Needed to Address Weaknesses in Information Security and Privacy Controls. GAO-14-730.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brient, R. 2009. Performance Considerations for Philippe Gaubert’s “Madrigal”. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Koblin, J. 2017. Amazon Executive Resigns After Harassment Claim. New York Times, B6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Fields 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Fields 2007; Sharp and Langer 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sharp and Langer 2011)
Three or more authors: (Bernardi et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geological Society, London, Special Publications
Abbreviation	Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ.
ISSN (print)	0305-8719
ISSN (online)	2041-4927
Scope	Geology Ocean Engineering Water Science and Technology