How to format your references using the Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

King JS. 2012. Genetic tests: Politics and fetal diagnostics collide. Nature. 491(7422):33–34.

A journal article with 2 authors

Berlin S, Ellegren H. 2001. Evolutionary genetics. Clonal inheritance of avian mitochondrial DNA. Nature. 413(6851):37–38.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kotiaho JS, Simmons LW, Tomkins JL. 2001. Towards a resolution of the lek paradox. Nature. 410(6829):684–686.

A journal article with 12 or more authors

Wu Y, Wang Y, Li J, Li W, Zhang L, Li Y, Li X, Li J, Zhu L, Wu G. 2014. Development of a general method for detection and quantification of the P35S promoter based on assessment of existing methods. Sci Rep. 4:7358.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kim DM. 2015. Introductory Quantum Mechanics for Applied Nanotechnology. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Kostkova P, editor. 2010. Electronic Healthcare: Second International ICST Conference, eHealth 2009, Istanbul, Turkey, September 23-15, 2009, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Andersson B. 2011. Harnessing Handheld Computing – Managing IS Support to the Digital Ranger with Defensive Design. In: Jain H, Sinha AP, Vitharana P, editors. Service-Oriented Perspectives in Design Science Research: 6th International Conference, DESRIST 2011, Milwaukee, WI, USA, May 5-6, 2011 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; p. 62–76.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk.

Blog post

Andrews R. 2015. Indonesian Volcano Erupts Electric-Blue Lava. IFLScience [Internet]. [accessed 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/indonesian-volcano-erupts-electric-blue-burning-lava/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2001. Student Financial Aid: Use of Middleware for Systems Integration Holds Promise. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zhao J. 2012. Contextual Differential Item Functioning: Examining the Validity of Teaching Self-Efficacy Instruments Using Hierarchical Generalized Linear Modeling [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Detrick B. 2017. The Drift. New York Times.:D6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (King 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Berlin and Ellegren 2001; King 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Berlin and Ellegren 2001)
Three or more authors: (Wu et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk
ISSN (print)	1947-5705
ISSN (online)	1947-5713
Scope	General Earth and Planetary Sciences General Environmental Science