How to format your references using the Geomorphology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geomorphology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chapuisat, M., 2014. Evolution. Smells like queen since the Cretaceous. Science 343, 254–255.

A journal article with 2 authors

Promislow, D.E.L., Kaeberlein, M., 2014. Development. Chemical warfare in the battle of the sexes. Science 343, 491–492.

A journal article with 3 authors

Young, B.A., Gruber, T.M., Gross, C.A., 2004. Minimal machinery of RNA polymerase holoenzyme sufficient for promoter melting. Science 303, 1382–1384.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zhao, Y., Lu, H., Yan, A., Yang, Y., Meng, Q., Sun, L., Pang, H., Li, C., Dong, X., Cai, L., 2013. ABCC3 as a marker for multidrug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. Sci. Rep. 3, 3120.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wolf, R.A., 2012. Atmospheric Pressure Plasma for Surface Modification. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Lee, B.-B., Bergan, J., Rockson, S.G. (Eds.), 2011. Lymphedema: A Concise Compendium of Theory and Practice. Springer, London.

A chapter in an edited book

Rasse, A., Perronne, J.-M., Muller, P.-A., Thirion, B., 2006. Using Process Algebra to Validate Behavioral Aspects of Object-Oriented Models, in: Bruel, J.-M. (Ed.), Satellite Events at the MoDELS 2005 Conference: MoDELS 2005 International Workshops Doctoral Symposium, Educators Symposium Montego Bay, Jamaica, October 2-7, 2005 Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 39–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geomorphology.

Blog post

Taub, B., 2016. Smart Homes Of The Future Could Read And React To Your Emotions [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2000. Executive Office of the President: Analysis of EOP’s 1999 Information Technology Architecture Update and Capital Investment Plan Report (No. AIMD-00-63R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Vincent, P.S., 2012. The State of Chaos (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario, B., 2016. Head of Columbia Records Promoted to Lead Sony Music. New York Times B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chapuisat, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Chapuisat, 2014; Promislow and Kaeberlein, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Promislow and Kaeberlein, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Zhao et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geomorphology
Abbreviation	Geomorphology (Amst.)
ISSN (print)	0169-555X
Scope	Earth-Surface Processes