How to format your references using the Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems Discussions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems Discussions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Montgomery, D. R.: Geology. Dreams of natural streams, Science, 319, 291–292, 2008.

A journal article with 2 authors

Minke, B. and Peters, M.: Cell biology. Rhodopsin as thermosensor?, Science, 331, 1272–1273, 2011.

A journal article with 3 authors

Anderson, J. S., Rittle, J., and Peters, J. C.: Catalytic conversion of nitrogen to ammonia by an iron model complex, Nature, 501, 84–87, 2013.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Shcheprova, Z., Baldi, S., Frei, S. B., Gonnet, G., and Barral, Y.: A mechanism for asymmetric segregation of age during yeast budding, Nature, 454, 728–734, 2008.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Abulencia, J. P. and Theodore, L.: Open-Ended Problems, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2015.

An edited book

Tse, P. W., Mathew, J., Wong, K., Lam, R., and Ko, C. N. (Eds.): Engineering Asset Management - Systems, Professional Practices and Certification: Proceedings of the 8th World Congress on Engineering Asset Management (WCEAM 2013) & the 3rd International Conference on Utility Management & Safety (ICUMAS), Springer International Publishing, Cham, XXVIII, 1811 p. 755 illus., 543 illus. in color p., 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Sainz, M. A., Armengol, J., Calm, R., Herrero, P., Jorba, L., and Vehi, J.: Interpretability and Optimality, in: Modal Interval Analysis: New Tools for Numerical Information, edited by: Armengol, J., Calm, R., Herrero, P., Jorba, L., and Vehi, J., Springer International Publishing, Cham, 73–120, 2014.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems Discussions.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Mars’ Spectacular Canyon System Photographed By India’s Probe, https://www.iflscience.com/space/mars-gargantuan-canyon-system-snapped-indias-probe/, last access: 30 October 2018, 2015., 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Natural Gas Pipeline Safety: Risk-Based Standards Should Allow Operators to Better Tailor Reassessments to Pipeline Threats, GAO-06-945, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kaiser, C. V.: “Maps of the world[s] in its becoming[s]”: Seeking queer potentialities in the post-apocalyptic narrative, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J.: Mets’ Hobbled Rotation Takes Another Big Hit Before a Loss to the Nationals, , New York Times3rd SeptemberD3, 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Montgomery, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Minke and Peters, 2011; Montgomery, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Minke and Peters, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Shcheprova et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems Discussions
ISSN (online)	2193-0872
Scope