How to format your references using the Gynecological Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gynecological Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blow N (2008) Cell imaging: New ways to see a smaller world. Nature 456:825–828

A journal article with 2 authors

Schink B, Friedrich M (2000) Phosphite oxidation by sulphate reduction. Nature 406:37

A journal article with 3 authors

Grünwald D, Singer RH, Rout M (2011) Nuclear export dynamics of RNA-protein complexes. Nature 475:333–341

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Ji H, Ehrlich LIR, Seita J, et al (2010) Comprehensive methylome map of lineage commitment from haematopoietic progenitors. Nature 467:338–342

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rigo M (2014) Formal Languages, Automata and Numeration Systems 1. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Sundaram V, Sauntson H (2016) Global Perspectives and Key Debates in Sex and Relationships Education: Addressing Issues of Gender, Sexuality, Plurality and Power. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London

A chapter in an edited book

Cooney P, Marquez G (2016) The Impact of the Global Economic Crisis on Brazil from 2008 to the Present. In: Santarcángelo JE, Justo O, Cooney P (eds) Latin America after the Financial Crisis: Economic Ramifications from Heterodox Perspectives. Palgrave Macmillan US, New York, NY, pp 59–86

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gynecological Surgery.

Blog post

Andrews R (2017) Tiny Komodo Dragon Ancestor Lived In Europe 800,000 Years Ago. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2012) ADA Paratransit Services: Survey of Public Transit Agency Officials on Services and Costs (GAO-13-18SP, November, 2012), an E-supplement to GAO-13-17. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bethany MP (2014) Business continuity planning: Identifying gaps, patterns and justifications. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Goldstein M, Eder S, Kelly K, et al (2017) Sources of Trump Aides’ Wealth Include Cosmetics and ‘Seinfeld’ Reruns. New York Times A15

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Gynecological Surgery
Abbreviation	Gynecol. Surg.
ISSN (print)	1613-2076
ISSN (online)	1613-2084
Scope	Obstetrics and Gynaecology Surgery