How to format your references using the Handbook of Clinical Neurology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Handbook of Clinical Neurology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Akeson, R., 2011. Planetary science. Watery disks. Science 334, 316–317.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ito, T., Okazaki, S., 2000. Pushing the limits of lithography. Nature 406, 1027–1031.

A journal article with 3 authors

Waelti, P., Dickinson, A., Schultz, W., 2001. Dopamine responses comply with basic assumptions of formal learning theory. Nature 412, 43–48.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ernst, J., Kheradpour, P., Mikkelsen, T.S., et al., 2011. Mapping and analysis of chromatin state dynamics in nine human cell types. Nature 473, 43–49.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chu, P.P., 2011. Embedded SoPC Design with Nios II Processor and VHDL Examples. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Henkel, M., 2010. Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions: Volume 2: Ageing and Dynamical Scaling Far from Equilibrium, Theoretical and Mathematical Physics. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Xue, M., Kalnis, P., Pung, H.K., 2009. Location Diversity: Enhanced Privacy Protection in Location Based Services, in: Choudhury, T., Quigley, A., Strang, T., et al. (Eds.), Location and Context Awareness: 4th International Symposium, LoCA 2009 Tokyo, Japan, May 7-8, 2009 Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 70–87.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Handbook of Clinical Neurology.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2015. U.K. Doctors Propose A 20% Tax On Sugary Drinks [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/uk-doctors-propose-20-tax-sugary-drinks/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1981. Comments on H.R. 5103, Mineta letter (No. CBD-2-63). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Barnett, J., 2017. Understanding gender differences in teachers’ level of insight as it relates to ADHD (Doctoral dissertation). Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, B., 2016. Daddy’s Dreams, Recast by His Girls. New York Times C13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Akeson, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Akeson, 2011; Ito and Okazaki, 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ito and Okazaki, 2000)
Three or more authors: (Ernst et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Handbook of Clinical Neurology
ISSN (print)	0072-9752
Scope