How to format your references using the Health Care Management Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Health Care Management Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gravitz L (2011) Introduction: a smouldering public-health crisis. Nature 474:S2-4

A journal article with 2 authors

Schmittner A, Galbraith ED (2008) Glacial greenhouse-gas fluctuations controlled by ocean circulation changes. Nature 456:373–376

A journal article with 3 authors

Schieber J, Southard J, Thaisen K (2007) Accretion of mudstone beds from migrating floccule ripples. Science 318:1760–1763

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Diederichs C, Tignon J, Dasbach G, et al (2006) Parametric oscillation in vertical triple microcavities. Nature 440:904–907

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Yan SY (2012) Computational Number Theory and Modern Cryptography. John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd., Fusionopolis Walk, Singapore

An edited book

Fehlman WL (2009) Mobile Robot Navigation with Intelligent Infrared Image Interpretation. Springer, London

A chapter in an edited book

Orłowska E, Golińska-Pilarek J (2011) Dual Tableaux for Peirce Algebras. In: Golińska Pilarek J (ed) Dual Tableaux: Foundations, Methodology, Case Studies. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 85–103

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Health Care Management Science.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Male Java Sparrows Drop The Beat. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1977) Proposed Regulation Prescribing New “Fixed-Price Options” " Provisions for Use in Automatic Data Processing Systems Procurement. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sanute PJ (2012) What power? A mixed methods study of nonformal education teacher perceptions of social power. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander S (2002) A Princeton Senior Is Setting the Bar Higher. New York Times D2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Health Care Management Science
Abbreviation	Health Care Manag. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1386-9620
ISSN (online)	1572-9389
Scope	Medicine (miscellaneous) General Health Professions