How to format your references using the Health Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Health Physics (HPS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Abbott A. Axeing of website article sparks row at Max Planck. Nature 422:460; 2003.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schrag DP, Alley RB. Physics. Ancient lessons for our future climate. Science 306:821–822; 2004.

A journal article with 3 authors

McHenry CR, Cook AG, Wroe S. Bottom-feeding plesiosaurs. Science 310:75; 2005.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Gröning O, Wang S, Yao X, Pignedoli CA, Borin Barin G, Daniels C, Cupo A, Meunier V, Feng X, Narita A, Müllen K, Ruffieux P, Fasel R. Engineering of robust topological quantum phases in graphene nanoribbons. Nature 560:209–213; 2018.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Arifin SMN, Madey GR, Collins FH. Spatial Agent-Based Simulation Modeling in Public Health. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2016.

An edited book

Kobayashi-Hillary M (ed). Building a Future with BRICs: The Next Decade for Offshoring. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Senesky DG, Jamshidi B. MEMS Strain Sensors for Intelligent Structural Systems. In: Mukhopadhyay SC, ed. New Developments in Sensing Technology for Structural Health Monitoring. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011:63–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Health Physics.

Blog post

Davis J. Finland To Build The World’s First Permanent Nuclear Waste Disposable Facility. IFLScience; 2015. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/physics/finland-build-worlds-first-permanent-nuclear-waste-disposable-facility/. Accessed 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Observations on the National School Lunch Program’s Assessment, Improvement, and Monitoring System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; No. 124037; 1983.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Unison-Pace WJ. Investigating generational differences of perceived uncivilized behaviors between students and faculty in nursing education. 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B. What the Singing Dead Recall. New York Times C1; 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Abbott 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Abbott 2003; Schrag and Alley 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schrag and Alley 2004)
Three or more authors: (Gröning et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Health Physics
ISSN (print)	0017-9078
ISSN (online)	1538-5159
Scope