How to format your references using the Heart, Lung and Circulation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Heart, Lung and Circulation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Chipman A. Contest puts brakes on carbon capture. Nature 2007;447:1044–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Yoshida N, Toyoda S. Constraining the atmospheric N2O budget from intramolecular site preference in N2O isotopomers. Nature 2000;405:330–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Phelps J, Webb EL, Agrawal A. Land use. Does REDD+ threaten to recentralize forest governance? Science 2010;328:312–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Bonardi V, Pesaresi P, Becker T, Schleiff E, Wagner R, Pfannschmidt T, et al. Photosystem II core phosphorylation and photosynthetic acclimation require two different protein kinases. Nature 2005;437:1179–82.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

O’Malley C. Bonds Without Borders. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Zhou Y. Empirical Analysis on Income Inequality of Chinese Residents. vol. 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

McNall SG. What Have Eggs Got to Do with Inequality? In: Machin A, Stehr N, editors. Understanding Inequality: Social Costs and Benefits, Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden; 2016, p. 79–100.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Heart, Lung and Circulation.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Maddest Scientists Of All Time. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/love-science-craziest-scientific-experiments-ever/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Safety: Better Data and Targeted FAA Efforts Needed to Identify and Address Safety Issues of Small Air Cargo Carriers. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Park JK. Target Identification, Therapeutic Application and Maturation Mechanism of microRNAs. Doctoral dissertation. Ohio State University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Vecsey G. On the Streets of New York, Cheers for the World. New York Times 2010:D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Heart, Lung and Circulation
Abbreviation	Heart Lung Circ.
ISSN (print)	1443-9506
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine