How to format your references using the Hepatic Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hepatic Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Katsnelson A. Microbiome: The puzzle in a bee’s gut. Nature 521(7552), S56 (2015).

A journal article with 2 authors

Kim H-J, Benner SA. Comment on ‘The silicate-mediated formose reaction: bottom-up synthesis of sugar silicates’. Science 329(5994), 902; author reply 902 (2010).

A journal article with 3 authors

Xu C, Shang X-D, Huang RX. Horizontal eddy energy flux in the world oceans diagnosed from altimetry data. Sci. Rep. 4, 5316 (2014).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Cheng M, Xie W, Zong B, Sun B, Qiao M. When magnetic catalyst meets magnetic reactor: etherification of FCC light gasoline as an example. Sci. Rep. 3, 1973 (2013).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zadora G, Martyna A, Ramos D, Aitken C. Statistical Analysis in Forensic Science. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, UK (2013).

An edited book

McCormack FX, Panos RJ, Trapnell BC (Eds.). Molecular Basis of Pulmonary Disease: Insights from Rare Lung Disorders. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ (2010).

A chapter in an edited book

Li W-J, Chen Y-S. Politeness and Effectiveness of English Email Requests: Taiwanese Professors’ Perspectives. In: Email Discourse Among Chinese Using English as a Lingua Franca. Chen Y-S, Rau D-HV, Rau G (Ed.), Springer, Singapore, 91–111 (2016).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hepatic Oncology.

Blog post

Andrew E. ‘Huge Trial Shows Early HIV Treatment Dramatically Improves Patient Outcome’ (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/huge-trial-shows-early-hiv-treatment-dramatically-improves-patient-outcome/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Job Training Partnership Act: Labor Title IV Initiatives Could Improve Relations With Native Americans, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, (1994).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sumner I. Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, (2010).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Oestreich JR. Singing ‘Happy 450th Birthday’ to Monteverdi, (2017).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2,4].
This sentence cites four references [2,4,6,8].

About the journal

Full journal title	Hepatic Oncology
Abbreviation	Hepat. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	2045-0923
ISSN (online)	2045-0931
Scope	Hepatology Oncology