How to format your references using the Hydrogeology Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hydrogeology Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stone R (2000) EASTERN EUROPE: Serbian University Law Causes Turmoil. Science 290:691

A journal article with 2 authors

Lea AM, Ryan MJ (2015) SEXUAL SELECTION. Irrationality in mate choice revealed by túngara frogs. Science 349:964–966

A journal article with 3 authors

Moser DE, Flowers RM, Hart RJ (2001) Birth of the Kaapvaal tectosphere 3.08 billion years ago. Science 291:465–468

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Mahara Y, Ohta T, Ogawa H, Kumata A (2014) Atmospheric direct uptake and long-term fate of radiocesium in trees after the Fukushima nuclear accident. Sci Rep 4:7121

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chin DA (2006) Water-Quality Engineering in Natural Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Knahr K (ed) (2012) Total Hip Arthroplasty: Wear Behaviour of Different Articulations. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Jesi GP, Montresor A, Babaoglu O (2006) Proximity-Aware Superpeer Overlay Topologies. In: Keller A, Martin-Flatin J-P (eds) Self-Managed Networks, Systems, and Services: Second IEEE International Workshop, SelfMan 2006, Dublin, Ireland, June 16, 2006. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 43–57

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hydrogeology Journal.

Blog post

Davis J (2015) How Do Deadly Mites Trick Honeybees? In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2016) Environmental Satellites: NOAA Needs to Ensure Its Timelines Are Accurate, Clear, and Fully Documented. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fresolone C (2012) The pedagogical use of Gerald Near’s “Chantworks.” Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard M (2010) She Never Outgrew These Shoes. New York Times E6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stone 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Stone 2000; Lea and Ryan 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lea and Ryan 2015)
Three or more authors: (Mahara et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Hydrogeology Journal
Abbreviation	Hydrogeol. J.
ISSN (print)	1431-2174
ISSN (online)	1435-0157
Scope	Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Water Science and Technology