How to format your references using the ICES Journal of Marine Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for ICES Journal of Marine Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Vedral, V. 2006. A better than perfect match. Nature, 439: 397.

A journal article with 2 authors

Campins, H., and Comfort, C. M. 2014. Solar system: Evaporating asteroid. Nature, 505: 487–488.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dahl, C. D., Chen, C.-C., and Rasch, M. J. 2014. Own-race and own-species advantages in face perception: a computational view. Scientific reports, 4: 6654.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Xiao, J., Xing, F., Huo, J., Fung, M. L., Liong, E. C., Ching, Y. P., Xu, A., et al. 2014. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides therapeutically improve hepatic functions in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis rats and cellular steatosis model. Scientific reports, 4: 5587.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Taha, A.-E. M., Hassanein, H. S., and Ali, N. A. 2011. LTE, LTE-Advanced and WiMAX. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Mester, R., and Felsberg, M. (Eds). 2011. Pattern Recognition: 33rd DAGM Symposium, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, August 31 – September 2, 2011. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. XII, 473 p. 219 illus., 186 illus. in color pp.

A chapter in an edited book

van Dijk, N. H. 2010. Structure Evolution in Materials Studied by Time-Dependent Neutron Scattering. In Studying Kinetics with Neutrons: Prospects for Time-Resolved Neutron Scattering, pp. 101–122. Ed. by G. Eckold, H. Schober, and S. E. Nagler. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for ICES Journal of Marine Science.

Blog post

Fang, J. 2015, February 19. Sun Can Continue To Damage Your Skin Even After You’re Indoors. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/sun-damage-continues-even-after-youre-indoors/ (Accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2002. Teacher Training Programs: Activities Underway to Improve Teacher Training, but Information Collected To Assess Accountability Has Limitations. GAO-03-197T. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Drake, D. A. 2013. Viscoelastic characterization of vapor-grown carbon nanofiber/vinyl ester nanocomposites using a response surface methodology. Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Paulson, M., and Kishkovsky, S. 2015, June 22. Play About Oscar Wilde Runs Afoul of Kremlin. New York Times: C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Vedral, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Vedral, 2006; Campins and Comfort, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Campins and Comfort, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Xiao et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	ICES Journal of Marine Science
Abbreviation	ICES J. Mar. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1054-3139
ISSN (online)	1095-9289
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography Ecology