How to format your references using the IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

A. T. Ford, “The mechanistic pathways of trophic interactions in human-occupied landscapes,” Science, vol. 350, no. 6265, p. 1175, Dec. 2015.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

S. Michaelis and C. A. Hrycyna, “Biochemistry. A protease for the ages,” Science, vol. 339, no. 6127, pp. 1529–1530, Mar. 2013.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

S.-H. Park, A. Zarrinpar, and W. A. Lim, “Rewiring MAP kinase pathways using alternative scaffold assembly mechanisms,” Science, vol. 299, no. 5609, pp. 1061–1064, Feb. 2003.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

T. Sakaba, A. Stein, R. Jahn, and E. Neher, “Distinct kinetic changes in neurotransmitter release after SNARE protein cleavage,” Science, vol. 309, no. 5733, pp. 491–494, Jul. 2005.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

M. Otto, Chemometrics. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2016.

An edited book

[1]

G. Rocher, The Definitive Guide to Grails, Second Edition. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

H. T. Sullivan, M. T. Häkkinen, and D. Piechocinski, “Improving Participation, Accessibility and Compliance for Campus-Wide Mobile Emergency Alerting Systems,” in Mobile Response: Second International Workshop on Mobile Information Technology for Emergency Response, MobileResponse 2008. Bonn, Germany, May 29-30, 2008, Revised Selected Papers, J. Löffler and M. Klann, Eds., in Lecture Notes in Computer Science. , Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2009, pp. 32–40.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

Blog post

[1]

J. Davis, “Viruses May Be More Infectious In The Morning Than Later In The Day,” IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Aviation Security,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, RCED-94-307R, Sep. 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

D. Emmerling-Baker, “A Qualitative Interpretive Phenomenological Study of K5 Teacher Perceptions of Classroom Empathy Instruction,” Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University, Scottsdale, AZ, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

L. Saslow, “Nassau Coliseum Moves Closer to Renovation,” New York Times, p. LI2, Feb. 11, 2007.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics
Abbreviation	IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
ISSN (print)	1077-260X
Scope	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics