How to format your references using the IEEE Pulse citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Pulse. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J. Harvey, “The natural economy,” Nature, vol. 413, no. 6855, p. 463, Oct. 2001.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M. R. Showalter and D. P. Hamilton, “Resonant interactions and chaotic rotation of Pluto’s small moons,” Nature, vol. 522, no. 7554, pp. 45–49, Jun. 2015.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

X. Lin, A. C. Clark, and M. H. W. Chan, “Probable heat capacity signature of the supersolid transition,” Nature, vol. 449, no. 7165, pp. 1025–1028, Oct. 2007.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

T. C. Walther, J. H. Brickner, P. S. Aguilar, S. Bernales, C. Pantoja, and P. Walter, “Eisosomes mark static sites of endocytosis,” Nature, vol. 439, no. 7079, pp. 998–1003, Feb. 2006.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

T. Bonald and M. Feuillet, Network Performance Analysis. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2011.

An edited book

[1]

J.-F. Férard and C. Blaise, Eds., Encyclopedia of Aquatic Ecotoxicology. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

V. I. Zagrebaev, A. V. Karpov, I. N. Mishustin, and W. Greiner, “Superheavies: Short-Term Experiments and Far-Reaching Designs,” in Exciting Interdisciplinary Physics: Quarks and Gluons / Atomic Nuclei / Relativity and Cosmology / Biological Systems, W. Greiner, Ed., Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing, 2013, pp. 55–67.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Pulse.

Blog post

[1]

T. Hale, ““Cassie’ Is Set To Revolutionize The Way Robots Walk,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/cassie-is-set-to-revolutionize-the-way-robots-walk/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “School-Linked Human Services: A Comprehensive Strategy for Aiding Students at Risk of School Failure,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, HRD-94-21, Dec. 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

M. Stroud, “Solar desalination in the southwest United States: A thermoeconomic analysis utilizing the sun to desalt water in high irradiance regions,” Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

C. James, “The Talented Mr. Gilmour,” New York Times, p. BR14, Sep. 08, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Pulse
Abbreviation	IEEE Pulse
ISSN (print)	2154-2287
Scope	Biomedical Engineering General Medicine