How to format your references using the IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

P. Delaney, “Palaeoceanography. Nutrients in the glacial balance,” Nature, vol. 405, no. 6784, pp. 288–9, 291, May 2000.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

J. L. Bada and A. Lazcano, “Origin of life. Some like it hot, but not the first biomolecules,” Science, vol. 296, no. 5575, pp. 1982–1983, Jun. 2002.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

J. G. Puckett, D. H. Kelley, and N. T. Ouellette, “Searching for effective forces in laboratory insect swarms,” Sci. Rep., vol. 4, p. 4766, Apr. 2014.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

V. Berl, I. Huc, R. G. Khoury, M. J. Krische, and J. M. Lehn, “Interconversion of single and double helices formed from synthetic molecular strands,” Nature, vol. 407, no. 6805, pp. 720–723, Oct. 2000.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

H. Ellis and A. Lawson, Anatomy for Anaesthetists. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013.

An edited book

[1]

D. K. Ryugo and R. R. Fay, Eds., Auditory and Vestibular Efferents, vol. 38. in Springer Handbook of Auditory Research, vol. 38. New York, NY: Springer, 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. Rolstadås, P. W. Hetland, G. F. Jergeas, and R. E. Westney, “A New Approach to Project Risk Navigation,” in Risk Navigation Strategies for Major Capital Projects: Beyond the Myth of Predictability, P. W. Hetland, G. F. Jergeas, and R. E. Westney, Eds., in Springer Series in Reliability Engineering. , London: Springer, 2011, pp. 39–50.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration Systems.

Blog post

[1]

C. Carpineti, “New Stem Cell Method Produces Millions of Human Brain Cells In Days,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/new-stem-cell-method-produces-millions-of-human-brain-cells-in-days/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Programs at the U.S. Army School of the Americas in Panama,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, ID-76-27, Nov. 1975.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

M. Milner, “An evaluation of the influence of case method instruction on the reflective thinking of MSW students,” Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S. K. (nyt), “World Briefing | Europe: Russia: 7 Killed In North Caucasus Shootout,” New York Times, p. A6, Jan. 28, 2005.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration Systems
Abbreviation	IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. VLSI Syst.
ISSN (print)	1063-8210
Scope	Hardware and Architecture Software Electrical and Electronic Engineering