How to format your references using the Immunobiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Immunobiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wynne, C.D.L., 2004. Animal behaviour: fair refusal by capuchin monkeys. Nature 428, 140; discussion 140.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lefkowitz, R.J., Shenoy, S.K., 2005. Transduction of receptor signals by beta-arrestins. Science 308, 512–517.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gilg, O., Hanski, I., Sittler, B., 2003. Cyclic dynamics in a simple vertebrate predator-prey community. Science 302, 866–868.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wang, X., Jiao, L., Sheng, K., Li, C., Dai, L., Shi, G., 2013. Solution-processable graphene nanomeshes with controlled pore structures. Sci. Rep. 3, 1996.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Durbin, P.A., Reif, B.A.P., 2010. Statistical Theory and Modeling for Turbulent Flows. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Adhikari, M.R., 2014. Basic Modern Algebra with Applications. Springer India, New Delhi.

A chapter in an edited book

Schiff, R., Sasson, A., Nuri, Y., Ben-Artzi, E., 2016. The Efficiency of Metacognitive and Metalinguistic Awareness in Word Spelling Among Hebrew Speaking Children with SLI: An Intervention Study, in: Schiff, R., Joshi, R.M. (Eds.), Interventions in Learning Disabilities: A Handbook on Systematic Training Programs for Individuals with Learning Disabilities, Literacy Studies. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 67–89.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Immunobiology.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Lone Grand Canyon Wolf Confirmed Dead [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/lone-grand-canyon-wolf-confirmed-dead/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1976. Information on the Requirement for Strategic Airlift (No. PSAD-76-148). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sampson, R., 2010. The effects of foster care on children: A comparison of 18th century through modern day foster care practices (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G., 2011. France Loses to the U.S., With Typical Elegance. New York Times B15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wynne, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Lefkowitz and Shenoy, 2005; Wynne, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lefkowitz and Shenoy, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Wang et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Immunobiology
Abbreviation	Immunobiology
ISSN (print)	0171-2985
Scope	Immunology Hematology Immunology and Allergy