How to format your references using the Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Freeman B. Not all membrane pores are made equal; some are more equal than others. Nature. 2008;454:671.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Yacubova E, Komuro H. Stage-specific control of neuronal migration by somatostatin. Nature. 2002;415:77–81.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Halevy I, Peters SE, Fischer WW. Sulfate burial constraints on the Phanerozoic sulfur cycle. Science. 2012;337:331–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Fleming IA, Einum S, Jonsson B, Jonsson N. Comment on “rapid evolution of egg size in captive Salmon.” Science. 2003;302:59; discussion 59.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Le Bodic G. Mobile Messaging Technologies and Services. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

1. Rajendram R, Preedy VR, Patel VB, editors. Diet and Nutrition in Critical Care. New York, NY: Springer; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Petrosino S, Marzo VD. Anandamide and Other Acylethanolamides. In: Lajtha A, Tettamanti G, Goracci G, editors. Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology: Neural Lipids. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2010. p. 75–98.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. CT Scans Reveal Preserved Body Inside Ancient Buddhist Statue [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/ct-scans-reveal-mummy-inside-statue/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Trademark ADP System: Patent Office Should Analyze Alternatives Before Contract Award. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987 Aug. Report No.: IMTEC-87-44.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Payan Venegas R. Factors associated with the lack of a regular health care provider for Latinos: Consequences and reasons [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Pilon M. Sculptured By Weights And a Strict Vegan Diet. New York Times. 2012 Jan 4;B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Abbreviation	Indian J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.
ISSN (print)	0970-9134
ISSN (online)	0973-7723
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Surgery